Comics Poetry: The Adapted Victor Hugo
Published by ComicsLit / NBM publishing 2004
ISBN 1-56163-390-9
I originally heard about this collection from Cognitive Dissonance. Being somewhat obsessed with Victor Hugo, I ordered this book hoping to fall in love with it. And I almost have.
They took thirteen of Victor Hugo’s poems, and then found thirteen different illustrators, varying dramatically in technique. In this edition, they are translated into English by a variety of modern and nineteenth century translators. However, the original publication was in French - as one would expect. I point this out as it means the illustrations were drawn for the French, and the text was then changed to English.
A couple of the translations appear to have been commissioned specifically for the book, and these translators may have had a copy of the illustrated French to make sure their translation fit. But obviously the other translators didn’t. I believe this is the reason the editors felt they needed to make some changes. I don’t have a problem with this, as the changes they make are generally positive. However, they don’t admit to doing it. And this violates a cardinal rule I have with all adaptations. I want to be told when something is abridged, or altered in any way.
The 19th century translations come from two sources, both of which I have over the past several years seen often on Ebay:
1) “Poems in Three Volumes” published by Dana Estes and company. There is no date, but it is approximately 1900.
2) A collection edited by Henry Llewellyn Williams in 1887
In Pirate’s Song (Translated by H.L. Williams):
These lines:
She sought to flee back to her cell,
And called us each a devil!
We dare do aught beomes Old Scratch
But like a treatment civil,
So, spite of buffet, prayers, and calls –
too late her friends to rally –
become (click to enlarge)

If you look at the illustration, you’ll notice the original translation wouldn’t have made sense. As it is, the dialogue and the exposition are a little confused. It would have been worse.
In On a Barricade (translated by Nelson R Tyreman or N.R.T.) the illustrated translation ends with: And the officer said, “Be Free!” As can be seen in the link above, the poem does continue. This abridgment bothers me both less and more than the change above. Less, because in the half of the poem they do use, the translation is kept unchanged. (I use a different translation on my website, but I have a copy of the translation they use, and it does match.) More, because it is abridged, and apparently, the French was abridged in the original edition. Even worse, they make no mention of this abridgement, and they cut out half the poem. The second half of the poem admittedly doesn’t lend itself well to being illustrated. It is basically Hugo sermonizing on the meaning of the first half. He doesn’t do this often in his poetry, and in some ways, it does lessen the impact. However, I like to be told when the work I am reading is abridged. I expect abridgement when a novel is adapted for comics. But not with poetry.
My last complaint is the result of a minor editorial oversight. On the last page of the book they have a short bibliography. This bibliography includes: “Poems and Translations Written Between the Ages of Fourteen and Seventeen” by Emma Lazarus, 1867. But Lazarus is not credited within the book for any of the poems. It appears they decided to go with a different translation for one (or more) of the poems. This upsets me. Emma Lazarus’ name is recognized by many Americans. She is easily more important than any of the translators they include in the collection. Maybe not all kids today are taught who wrote those words on the Statue of Liberty, but they should be.
The New Colossus - by Emma Lazarus:
Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,
With conquering limbs astride from land to land;
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame
Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name
Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand
Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command
The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.
“Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she
With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”
Emma Lazarus’ poem is associated with Freedom in America. Just as Victor Hugo’s name is associated with Freedom in France. It’s a shame they decided not to use her translation(s). It would have been extremely appropriate.
Her book is described as: Thirty original poems and forty-four translations from the German (Heinrich Heine) and the French (Alexander Dumas and Victor Hugo), seventy-four poetic pieces in all. This, as one might guess from the title, was her first book of poetry, and it was apparently highly praised by Ralph Waldo Emerson.
I want to see her translations, damnit! I don’t care how young she was when she wrote them!
I now have another rare book to find on Ebay. (Actually, it is extremely rare. Her father printed it for “private circulation”, and Emma Lazarus later in life tried to destroy all copies. Three survived her embarrassment. And while a reprint copy is available on Amazon, it’s for an exorbitant price. So it appears I will be looking for those poems within other collections.)
Here are a couple more samples of the artwork used.
ART: Eric Nosal TRANSLATION: Joe Johnson POEM: An Old Song of Younger Times |
ART: Estelle Meyrand TRANSLATION: EH and AM Blackmore POEM: Vivar |